Summer Day 1, Susan M Graham, Linnet N Masese, Barbra A Richardson, James N Kiarie, Walter Jaoko, Kishorchandra Mandaliya, Vrasha Chohan, Julie Overbaugh, R Scott McClelland
Affiliation
- 1*Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; †Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; Departments of ‡Epidemiology; §Biostatistics; ‖Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle WA; ¶Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; #Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; and **Pathcare Laboratories, Mombasa, Kenya.
PMID: 24798764 PMCID: PMC4419746
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000187
Abstract
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use among HIV-1-infected women may increase transmission by increasing plasma and genital HIV-1 RNA shedding. We investigated associations between DMPA use and HIV-1 RNA in plasma and cervical secretions. One hundred two women initiated antiretroviral therapy, contributing 925 follow-up visits over a median of 34 months. Compared with visits with no hormonal contraception exposure, DMPA exposure did not increase detection of plasma (adjusted odds ratio: 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.47 to 1.39) or cervical HIV-1 RNA (adjusted odds ratio: 1.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.54 to 3.67). Our results suggest that DMPA is unlikely to increase infectivity in HIV-positive women who are adherent to effective antiretroviral therapy.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflicts of Interest: All other authors reported no conflicts of interest.
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